Breastfeeding Guide for Mum

Breastfeeding is one of the most natural and beneficial ways to feed your baby. Not only does breast milk contain tons of nutritional benefits, but the act of breastfeeding can help nurture you and your baby’s bond. However, breastfeeding can be a challenging journey for many mums. 

In this article, we go through a comprehensive overview of breastfeeding–from its benefits to the most common challenges–to help parents learn more about the process and other ways to approach feeding: 

Why Choose Breastfeeding?

The World Health Organisation recommends breastfeeding as the best source of nourishment for infants and young children, especially during the first six months of age. This is because breast milk provides the nutrition your baby needs and strengthens their immune system. It also allows mums to develop a different and unique bond with their little one. 

Although it is beneficial, breastfeeding can be difficult for mums. There are different and unique challenges for each family when it comes to feeding, so it’s quite common for many parents to opt for baby formula or a combination of breastfeeding and baby formula. How you feed your baby is a personal choice–all that matters is that they receive the care and nutrition they need. 

Benefits of Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding offers several benefits, for mum, baby, and even the entire family. 

Formula Milk and Breast Milk

One of the biggest debates around feeding is the discussion between breast milk and baby formula. Many argue that breast milk is the best option. And while breast milk does have incredible nutritional value, it’s best to look at this discussion through a more nuanced lens. 

We can’t deny that breast milk provides the best nutrition for your baby. It is mainly because your breast milk is tailored specifically for your baby’s needs. This is why breastfeeding is very much recommended by experts. 

However, for mums who can’t breastfeed, formula milk could still be a great way to give your baby the nutrition they need. With the proper guidance from a healthcare professional, it is possible for formula to provide the nutrition your little one needs. 

Ultimately the debate between formula milk and breast milk stems from a parent’s choice. It’s important to remember that feeding your baby is different for each family. There’s no wrong or right choice for it–the best way to keep your baby healthy depends on you and your little one’s needs. 

Who Can Breastfeed?

Virtually all mums can breastfeed, however there are many factors which affect a mum’s capacity to breastfeed. If you have been having difficulty breastfeeding, it’s always best to consult with healthcare professionals and lactation consultants. 

Breastfeeding is not advised for the following conditions: 

• infectious or untreated HIV infection 

• infectious diseases 

• undergoing radiation therapy 

• taking medications that can affect your breast milk 

• drug or alcohol addiction 

How Breastfeeding Affects Mums

Breastfeeding can have profound effects on a mum’s physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The experience can be a joyful one, especially since it stimulates oxytocin release. However, it can also be physically demanding, requiring adequate rest, adequate breastfeeding nutrition, and emotional support from family and friends. 

The most common change for breastfeeding mums occurs in their breasts. This can happen even before birth, as changes in the breast can be part of early pregnancy symptoms. Some changes that may happen include: 

• breast and nipple enlargement 

• darkening of the nipples and areola 

• heavier breasts 

• visible or noticeable veins on the breast 

• soreness of breasts and nipples 

A General Guide to Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding is a process and it may take a while for you to be able to do it easily. Ensuring a comfortable and relaxed environment is the first step in enhancing the experience for both mum and baby. Additionally, constant practice and patience will be key to successful breastfeeding. 

If you’re starting out, here are some things that could help you out: 

How do I start breastfeeding?

Usually, the first time you’ll breastfeed your baby will be in the hospital with help and guidance from healthcare professionals. Most babies will instinctively latch onto your breast. Others may need more coaxing or a more suitable position or environment. 

Some things you can do to have a positive experience include:  

Proper Positioning 

A comfy position can make the experience easier for you and baby. Find a position that works for you. The perfect position will vary for each parent. Generally, it’s best to be in a position where you have a comfy back support. 

Skin-to-skin Contact 

Place your naked baby against your bare chest right after birth. This skin-to-skin contact helps initiate breastfeeding and promotes bonding. For the subsequent feedings, don’t be afraid to hold your baby close. This a unique and profound experience for you both after all! 

Optimal Temperature 

Ensure the room is warm enough to keep both you and your baby comfortable during feeding sessions.  

Feeding Frequency and Duration

Your breast milk and feeding routine will change over time. Remember, breastfeeding a newborn and a six-month old infant will have a noticeable difference. The frequency of your feeding will also change. The good news is that your body will adapt to these changes quite naturally. 

Newborn Feeding 

Newborns usually act based on their needs, so it’s advisable to feed them as frequently and as long as they want. During this time, as long as your baby is hungry and you are still comfortable (i.e., your breasts and nipples are not too sore), it’s best to let them feed. 

Feeding Older Infants 

Over time, you can follow a feeding routine for your baby. This will usually be based on your baby’s needs as well. The best way to successfully breastfeed your baby is to follow their cues. These are typically indicated by rooting, sucking motions, or restlessness. Feeding on demand helps establish a healthy breastfeeding relationship and ensures that your baby receives adequate nutrition. 

How to get a proper attachment

Proper latching is key to ensure your baby receives your milk properly. It can also lessen the discomfort for you and your baby. A good latch will often be evident on how your baby feeds, especially when you see or hear them swallow rhythmically. 

Other Tips When Breastfeeding

Aside from the proper position and latch, there are other ways to make nursing and feeding your baby more comfortable, such as: 

Burping 

Burp your baby midway through and after feeding to prevent gas buildup. 

Switch Sides 

Often, a mum’s breast can become sore while feeding. Offer the other breast when your baby shows signs of slowing down or starts losing interest. This ensures both breasts are emptied and stimulates milk production. 

Breastfeeding in Public

Breastfeeding in public can be a common issue for mums, but relax and take a deep breath. Remember that you are doing nothing wrong and that you’re protected by law against bias and discrimination. As long as you and your baby are comfortable, you are well within your rights to nurse in public. 

To make things easier, consider having items that will make breastfeeding more convenient. A maternity bra, for example, will allow you to stay supported but grant you and your baby access to your breast when feeding time arrives. You may also want to bring a cover up or blanket if you’re feeling more modest. 

Another option to consider is expressing your breast milk. This allows you to be on the move without wasting your liquid gold. This is a great option for working mums who want to continue breastfeeding! 

Common Breastfeeding Issues

While many mums can breastfeed, that doesn’t mean it’s always smooth-sailing! There are many breastfeeding issues that make the process frustrating and difficult. The good news is that many issues are quite common and can be resolved with support for the breastfeeding partner, guidance from a medical professional, or even tried and tested advice from other mums. 

Some common issues include: 

Trouble latching 

Attaching is instinctual, but is not always successful in practice. Cracked or sore nipples are a sign your baby may not be attaching properly. If latching proves difficult for your little one, talk to a lactation consultant. They may teach you about different positions and angles to try when breastfeeding. ‘Baby-led attachment’ may help your little one’s instincts kick in. When calm, lay the baby against your chest and let them find the nipple on their own. You can learn more about this process on the Australian Breastfeeding Association website. 

Rejecting of mum’s breasts 

Your baby might reject the breast – don’t worry, there’s nothing ‘wrong’ with them. This could be happening for many reasons. If rejection is a hurdle for you, talk to your GP or lactation consultant. A helpful approach could be trying to feed before your baby is too hungry. Learn their early hunger cues, such as putting hands to their mouth, wriggling around, sticking their tongue out or turning their head side-to-side. Crying is a late-stage hunger cue. Feeding in a relaxed, quiet environment where you and baby are both calm may help with finding and attaching to the breast. Try some deep breaths. Remember your baby is not rejecting you, they may just be fussy eaters!  

Breast engorgement 

Breasts may be engorged if they feel heavy, sore, tender or warmer than usual. This is normal, though sometimes uncomfortable. Engorgement is caused by milk and other fluids building up. Try holding a warm compress to your breast before feeding to help with flow. Gentle massage during feeds could also help. Take your bra off completely for feeding when you can. In the meantime, a fitted and supportive bra may help alleviate discomfort from engorgement.  

Mastitis

When milk build-up becomes stuck in the milk ducts of your breast, the breast tissue can become inflamed. The breast may feel hot and sore and look red and streaky. This is called mastitis. If you think you may have mastitis, consult your GP. 

Mastitis is manageable, but it can lead to infection and feelings of illness. That’s why it is important to monitor your breasts and handle this early. In the case of mastitis, breastfeeding can be made easier by using a warm compress before feeding and cold compress between feeds. Much like engorgement, massaging the area and nursing in a relaxed environment can help. Always consult your medical professional about breast pain. 

Sore and cracked nipples

Sore nipples are one of the most common issues when breastfeeding. This is usually a sign that your baby isn’t latching correctly. Products such as nipple creams and nipple shields may provide relief and help you feel more comfortable while correcting your child’s latch. 

Low Milk Supply

Some women will have lower milk supply making it more difficult to breastfeed their baby. This can be a troubling and frustrating experience, but not a hopeless one. Consult with a lactation expert as they can give you several options on what to do next. 

If you have low supply during the early days, it is also possible that your milk hasn’t come in just yet. This is common as every mum’s timeline is quite different. Initiate skin-to-skin contact to trigger the hormones that induce lactation. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Should it hurt to breastfeed?

Breastfeeding may be uncomfortable at times, but it shouldn’t hurt. If your breast hurts when feeding, then it might be a sign that something's wrong. Consult with a medical professional for proper guidance. 

Is it too late if I didn’t breastfeed at the hospital?

Not at all! 

Remember, each baby and situation is different. Don’t feel discouraged if things didn’t go as planned in the hospital. If you want, you can continue to try breastfeeding and initiate skin-to-skin contact to trigger milk-inducing hormones. 

My baby hasn’t gained weight even when I’m breastfeeding! What should I do?

Newborns usually lose some weight after birth. This is normal and as long as there are no other alarming symptoms, shouldn’t be a cause for panic. If they haven’t regained their birth weight in the first week or so, it’s probably because your breast milk is still adapting to their nutritional needs. Breast milk gradually syncs to what your little one requires, so it’s best to continue feeding normally. If you’re especially worried, consult with a medical professional for proper guidance. 

Happy Breastfeeding!

Breastfeeding is a remarkable journey that fosters a unique bond between mother and baby while providing unparalleled health benefits. Remember, every breastfeeding journey is unique, and seeking support from healthcare professionals and support groups can make the experience more fulfilling. Embrace the journey, cherish the moments, and here's to happy and healthy breastfeeding!